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The U.S. needs to create more jobs for STEM doctorates. Photographer: Andreas Solaro/AFP via Getty Images
Ph.D. programs in the U.S. are in for some big changes. Humanities and social science fields probably produce too many Ph.D.s and will need to cut back. But a big expansion of government-funded research could prevent a similar fate from befalling STEM Ph.D.s.
The overproduction of Ph.D.s has been an issue for years in the U.S., which has a higher rate of doctorate holders than almost any other rich country.
Ph.D. Mill
The U.S. awards more doctorate degrees than almost any other country
That by itself isn’t a bad thing; it’s generally good to have a more educated populace, and U.S. researchers help keep the country’s knowledge industries at the forefront of the global economy. Ph.D.s contribute substantially to the university system, providing a source of cheap, highly skilled labor for both research and undergraduate education.
But the problem starts when the Ph.D. students collect their degrees and go out into the world. The academic jobs they’re accustomed to pursuing have been drying up. The end of the big 20th-century university building boom was the first death knell for this pipeline. Since many professor jobs are tenured, there just aren’t many open spots for young scholars unless the country is building more universities — which it no longer is. Do a quick Google search for trends in any academic field — history, anthropology, English — and you’re likely to find scary numbers showing a decline in tenure-track faculty openings.
Another reason for the job shortage is that colleges, under immense pressure to cut costs, have been shifting away from tenured faculty toward lower-paid lecturers and adjuncts. That pressure has been exacerbated as undergraduate enrollment has flatlined.
Part-Timers Take the Lead
Colleges and universities are relying more on lower-paid lecturers and adjuncts
This condemns many would-be scholars to a bleak existence of low-wage, contingent work. Like waiters hanging around Hollywood hoping for their big break, many stick around year after year, forgoing health insurance or living in shabby apartments while their qualifications for jobs outside academia decay.
But even as that coveted professor life drifted further out of reach, the country kept producing more Ph.D.s:
More Isn’t Necessarily Better
Even as jobs lag, schools have ramped up their Ph.D. programs
And, of course, this was all pre-Covid-19. The pandemic has dealt a grievous blow to higher education, keeping students home and causing some to question whether they’re getting value for money at their schools.
But the problem starts when the Ph.D. students collect their degrees and go out into the world. The academic jobs they’re accustomed to pursuing have been drying up. The end of the big 20th-century university building boom was the first death knell for this pipeline. Since many professor jobs are tenured, there just aren’t many open spots for young scholars unless the country is building more universities — which it no longer is. Do a quick Google search for trends in any academic field — history, anthropology, English — and you’re likely to find scary numbers showing a decline in tenure-track faculty openings.
Another reason for the job shortage is that colleges, under immense pressure to cut costs, have been shifting away from tenured faculty toward lower-paid lecturers and adjuncts. That pressure has been exacerbated as undergraduate enrollment has flatlined.
One obvious solution is that Ph.D.s need to forsake the unrealistic academic dream and go into the private sector. And that’s a sensible course. The problem is that students’ main career advisers are also their doctoral thesis advisers, who are themselves academics and therefore tend to know only the academic route.
Even more fundamentally, many doctorates are simply not worth it in purely private-sector terms. A history Ph.D. can go into a corporate personnel department or marketing or consulting or launch their own startup or do a million other things — but it’s highly questionable whether they’ll do much better than they would have if they’d just taken a job straight out of college or acquired a master’s degree. So while computer science or statistics Ph.D.s can probably hop up a few rungs on the corporate ladder as a result of their degrees, and engineering and biology Ph.D.s can go get a job in a private lab, doctorate holders in the humanities and social sciences are often going to be underemployed.
That’s a recipe for societal dysfunction. Many historians have advanced some version of the thesis that dashed expectations among elites can lead to social unrest. Most recently, historian Peter Turchin has warned that overproduction of elites is a harbinger of discord in modern America. There’s evidence that Ph.D. school, never a particularly fun experience, is becoming increasingly stressful thanks to growing worry about careers.
A handful of angry, downwardly mobile English Ph.D.s aren’t by themselves enough to overthrow the institutions of society, but they can make hugely outsized contributions to unrest and discord if they are so inclined. Remember, these are very smart people who are very good at writing things, and well-schooled in any number of dissident ideas. Those are the kind of people who tend to lead revolutions.
There are two solutions to the Ph.D. overproduction problem. The first is to increase the demand for Ph.D.s. In the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics, that’s actually pretty easy to do: Simply pour a lot more government money into research. That’s something the U.S. badly needs to do anyway, in order to maintain technological leadership and push up economic growth rates. The Endless Frontier Act, a bill introduced by Democratic Senator Charles Schumer in May with bipartisan support, proposes spending $20 billion a year on research and development. If that legislation were to be passed, it would probably be sufficient to mop up any excess Ph.D.s in engineering, biology and other STEM fields.
But for humanities and social science Ph.D.s, there’s no such quick fix. The government isn’t going to dole out billions a year boosting research in non-STEM areas. So the production of Ph.D.s in these fields simply needs to be reduced to a level in line with new economic realities. Already this is happening, with more than 140 humanities and social science programs suspending Ph.D. student admissions for 2021.
This is going to be painful and frustrating for some young people who dream of studying those subjects for a living. But the squeeze on universities meant that those dreams always contained an element of fantasy. As with so many other things, America is going to have to do the hard work of bringing its academic dreams down to earth.
Peoples Concern on the Risk of their Privacy on WhatsApp new privacy policy
i’llTip blog
5.45 AM, 12 January, 2021
The WhatsApp update concerns how the company processes and shares user data with its parent company, Facebook, and how businesses can use Facebook hosted services to store and manage your data. WhatsApp has updated its privacy policy, and users have until February 8 to accept the new terms and conditions.
What data will WhatsApp share with Facebook?
Data exchange with Facebook is in fact, already taking place. While users in the European Union can opt out of data-sharing with Facebook, the rest of the world does not have the same choice.
WhatsApp shares the following information with Facebook and its other companies: account registration information (phone number), transaction data (WhatsApp now has payments in India), service-related information, information on how you interact with others (including businesses), mobile device information, and IP address. It is also collecting more information at a device hardware level now.
Does it mean WhatsApp will use your data for ads?
If you are worried that personal messages will be used to target ads on WhatsApp, that won’t happen because they are encrypted.
But the increased data sharing with Facebook will be used to improve ad experience across other products of the company.
What does the policy say about data shared with businesses?
The new policy explains how businesses get data when a user interacts with them on the platform: content shared with a business on WhatsApp will be visible to “several people in that business”. This is important because WhatsApp now has over 50 million business accounts. For WhatsApp, this is a potential monetisation model.
The policy says that some “businesses might be working with third-party service providers (which may include Facebook) to help manage their communications with their customers”. To understand how the business is handling the information you share with them, WhatsApp recommends that users read the “business’ privacy policy or contact the business directly”.
People are increasingly moving from whatsApp to use mobile apps such as i’llTip App
The new policy is a further sign of WhatsApp’s deeper integration into the Facebook group of companies. CEO Mark Zuckerberg in 2019 talked about his cross-platform vision across Facebook Messenger, Instagram and WhatsApp — he called it “interoperability”.
Investing
The Hype behind Crypto Investment: The Risk of Investors Losing ‘All Their Money’
Financial watchdog in the U.K is sounding the alarm for consumers looking to profit from the latest crypto boom: be ready to lose everything.“Investing in cryptoassets, or investments and lending linked to them, generally involves taking very high risks with investors’ money,” the Financial Conduct Authority said in a statementMonday. “If consumers invest in these types of product, they should be prepared to lose all their money.”
The concern from include price volatility, the complexity of products offered and the lack of consumer protection regulation around many of the products.
There has been a huge growth in the price of Bitcoin, the largest cryptocurrency, which has soared three times over in the past year, evoking memories of the 2017 mania that first made cryptocurrencies a household name before prices collapsed just as quickly. But since Sunday the price has had a huge turnaround for the worst It slid as much as 21% over Sunday and Monday and fell below $32,400. That’s the biggest two-day slide since global markets were first roiled by the pandemic last year and follows a record high of almost $42,000 on Jan. 8.
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Whether you’re a DJ, Barber, Construction worker, or driver…we have work for you!
There are far too many people who have the skills necessary to help others and succeed…however they simply lack the tools necessary to interact with potential clients.
Dear Friend,
Each and every one of us is affected by how we make our income and feed our families. In the past, to make money you were 100% anchored to your location. This limited you due to the small number of people you could reach.
It’s only been recently that we could reach people from all across the world at the touch of a button. At i’llTip we’ve done just that – and created an entire service market, all at your fingertips.
Our revolutionary new mobile app, i’llTip connects you with the entire world. You can sell your services and connect with like-minded people on our network.
i’llTip is completely free to join and use. We’re at an intersection of social media, offering services and buying services. Whether you’re looking to buy a pizza or sell your graphic design services, we’ve got you covered!
The Story Behind i’llTip – How We Decided To Launch Our Business
Once upon a time our founder was living paycheck to paycheck as a busy university student. Studying to complete his doctorate in computer information security and unfortunately failed a class…
This left him with two very distinct options: Either pay a hefty fee and enter the class once again…or drop out and fail entirely.
Like many great entrepreneurs before him, after going through hell to fix a problem…he made the decision to fix it once and for all.
Using his technical skills, he developed a world-class app that connects people from around the globe. After struggling hard through financial problems (that could’ve changed his life) he took action.
Almost going flat broke was the springboard to take massive action.
Here’s Our Bottom Line: No one will fix the world’s financial problems, it’s up to us to fix it ourselves.
Let me paint you a picture…
Almost half of the world (roughly three billion people) lives on under $2.50 per day. A huge part of our mission is to help everyone across the world realize their financial potential.
There are far too many people who have the skills necessary to help others and succeed….however they simply lack the tools necessary to interact with potential clients.
We are the difference between unemployment and financial success.
i’llTip is a platform that’s targeted to change the entire job market as we know it. We’re aiming to be on every phone, in every available country on earth.
Every once in a while, there’s a company that comes around and changes our universe. i’llTip is at a unique intersection of commerce, services and social media…we will be the “next big thing”.
Giving people the ability to make their own hours, and make money on the go will undoubtedly send waves.
i’llTip Is Your One-Stop-Shop For:
· Promoting and selling your unique skill set
· A social media network to meet and work with like-minded people
· Freelance and work your own hours – all from your cell phone
· Ask for services you need done – receive instant feedback
And much, much more!
Our user friendly platform was designed by a hand-picked team from the U.S, Canada, India, Nigeria, India and Europe. Our platform required the help of people that are on the cutting edge of technology…so we scanned the globe for our handpicked employees.
Although i’llTip is 100% free to join, we have a screening process to ensure quality people are using our platform. Our app is 100% safe to use and we respect your privacy!
We’ve reached over 5,000 (and counting) people in total across all of our social media platforms. All of our traffic is 100% organic, even before our launch.
People are getting very excited – and so are we!
Here Are Our MASSIVE Goals For 2018 And Beyond:
· Reach 20 million downloads in our first year
· Reach 70 million downloads by the year 2020
· Change the way people make money – all across the world!
Just to name a few.
To make our dreams into a reality, we’ll need more than just written targets on a whiteboard. Your support on this platform helps us get the ball rolling and gather initial momentum.
Each and every backer brings us that much closer to turning our dreams into a reality. We’ve set truly massive goals for our company because we want to change the world forever.
Every single donation counts in a big way, the number of backers means a lot. Help spread the word and share this campaign with your friends and family!
We appreciate your generous support of our dreams. You’ll enjoy our app for yourself shortly!
There is a rave currently building up within the tech space and have garnered a good number of mentions and followers on Instagram, big enough to presently have a slot in the top trending hashtags on Instagram. The name is i’llTip.
It is an app promising to disrupt the gig economy and social networking. With a large pool of pre-subscribed service providers, i’llTip seems sophisticated enough to satisfy the service needs of service buyers within different niches such as domestic services, digital services, tutoring, beauty, health and wellness and so much more. A very exciting feature of the app, which obviously is lacking in almost every freelance website is the geolocation search feature that allows service buyers to search and contract service providers closest to their location. Every freelancer’s choice of freelance platform depends on the flexibility of the payment solutions of the website and their pool of service seekers. This website will be officially launched with flexible payment solutions customizable to meet the taste of the individual. Now you can receive all funds assigned to a particular delivery, within less than 24 hours of the delivery.
Put your leisure time to commercial use. i’llTip encourages long business relationship and so implemented social features like chats, video calls, voice chats and volunteer services. Did you just move into a new neighborhood and are in need of handyman, cleaning services, or private tutors for your kids, simply sign up on i’llTip and search within your street or streets closer to you and you will have a professional running down to your home for excellent service delivery.
The good news about this platform is that it is completely free to download and create a user profile. There are no sign up fees or any kind of hidden charges. All you have to do is to sign up and set up your user profile providing the necessary post, pictures and videos on it. The app explorer page will share your profile information such as pictures and videos uploaded to people who you are in need of the particular service provide
i’llTip is set for launch in August and so far have received the endorsement by popular freelancers around the globe. Check back for more updates or follow i’llTip on Instagram @ i_lltip or follow i’llTip Facebook to join the discussion on this revolution going on within your community, private sector, corporate world and gig economy. Together, i’llTip is building a better world. Together a powerful network for a stronger community.
There is too much going on all around us and this is not limited to the internet of things and connection to the web or network. So many things are going on in almost every aspect of our lives and it’s scary to think or when you ask the question why the constant breach of privacy? Why does it feel like almost everything out there can be known, shared or exposed? Why is it that with the internet almost anything, information or knowledge can be retrieved and almost anything is possible? We are in a new age and we don’t even realize it and maybe some of us do. But the fact of the matter is that we have evolved from the primitive traditional human to a more digital wired beings. We all, in some way or the other, are now digital or modern age wizards courtesy of our digital device, that empowers us to be categorized as such. The fact of the matter is that now we can know more, see more and do more, as a result of the evolution of technology. The advent of technology is the age of more. More knowledge, which leads to more exposure, and this allow us to get more out of our daily lives, such as more news, more communication, more connection on a broader scale through a digital platform. Apparently, the desire to get more out of life.
Thanks to folks like Bill gates of Microsoft and Steve Jobs of apple who created operating systems to pave the way for people like Jerry Yang and David Filo who founded Yahoo, Larry page and Sergey Brin who founded Google, Mark Zuckerberg of Facebook, Travis kalanick and Garrett Camp of Uber and Jeff Bezos of amazon, to develop a platform which all runs on a network. These guys have revolutionized how we go about the way we use the internet to do and achieve things on the web. This guys have created an innovative path within the internet that seems to allow us to meet in a common place using the interdependency of our human nature to connect, share, trade and offer services amongst one another, within and around each of this various platforms that allows us to fulfill a need, connects us to others and bring value. The key behind the success of the internet and these innovative platforms is the interdependency of human connection. The main innovation here is the network connections or connected networks which is the internet. Every other thing such as websites or apps is a host or should I say a guest within the internet. And as we evolve and the new generation Y, X or Z millennial’s evolve, they would be the deciding factors on which innovative platform or path within the internet would stand the test of time or continue to exist. One fact of life is that the only thing that’s constant in life is change and change comes with a new thing.
A change is coming soon in the world of the internet that would host itself as a dominant platform because of its appeal to both the older and evolving generation and because of what it offers, which is monetization, connection and interdependency, and the ability to fulfill a need all in one place. The evolution of this new innovation will dominate the app era. The question now is what is this new platform that is coming to the internet that will be of financial benefit, create social media connection, interdependency, and the ability to fulfil your need? One hint, i_lltip. Visit i’llTip Crowd-funding campaign page or follow i’llTip on instagram @i_lltip
